Tax Obligations for Foreign Entity Doing Business in Vietnam

The applicable taxes including value added tax (VAT), corporate income tax (CIT) and personal income tax (PIT).

On August 6th 2014, the Ministry of Finance issued Circular No. 103/2014/TT-BTC guiding the implementation of tax obligations that are applicable to foreign organizations and individuals doing business in Vietnam or having incomes generated in Vietnam.

Taxpayers: foreign contractors, foreign subcontractors; organizations established and operated under the law of Vietnam, organizations register to operate under the law of Vietnam, other organizations, individuals producing and trading.

The applicable taxes including value added tax (VAT), corporate income tax (CIT) and personal income tax (PIT).

Taxable income of foreign contractors and foreign subcontractors is income derived from the provision and distribution of goods; provision of service, service in association with goods in Vietnam on the basis of the contractor contract and subcontractor contract. 

CIT Payable = Revenue subject to CIT x CIT rate calculated on taxable turnover

Subjects liable for VAT: services or services associated with goods provided by foreign contractors, foreign subcontractors on the basis of the contractor contract, subcontractor contract to use for manufacturing, trading and consumption in Vietnam.

Incomes arising in Vietnam of foreign contractors and foreign subcontractors are earnings received in any forms on the basis of the contractor contract, subcontractor contract (except for cases specified in Article 2, Chapter I of this Circular), regardless of the place conducting business operations of foreign contractors and foreign subcontractors.

Circular specifically instruct the following cases:

1. Pay VAT by deduction method; pay CIT on the basis of cost and revenue declaration to determine taxable income.

2. Pay VAT and CIT by percentage on turnover.

3. Pay VAT by deduction method; pay VAT by percentage on turnover.

Issued together with Circular 103 is the tax declaration form for foreign contractor.

This Circular takes effect from October 1st 2014, replaces Circular No. 60/2012/TT-BTC dated April 12th 2012 of Ministry of Finance guiding the implementation of tax obligation applicable to the foreign organizations and individuals doing business in Vietnam or having income in Vietnam.

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Decree 118/2015/ND-CP Guiding the Investment Law 2014

Decree 118/2015/ND-CP was issued on November 12th 2015 by the Government. It takes effect from December 27th2015 clearly regulates some regulations of the Law on Investment on the application, control, publish investment business condition; measures to ensuring investment, investment incentives, investment procedures, operational implementation of investment projects and state management of investment projects.

Regarding investment conditions in Vietnam:

– In terms of the business investment sectors, investors may invest in conditional business lines when they meet the conditions of license, practicing certificate, certified professional liability insurance or other forms of required documents under the provisions of the covered agreements that Vietnam has signed or specific regulations of the law of Vietnam.

– In addition, investors also have to meet other conditions such as charter capital (for a certain number of business lines); forms of investment; scope of investment activities; Vietnam partners to join the investment execution.

– The form of investment for foreign investor:

+ Establish economic organization.

+ Capital contribution or share purchase.

+ Business cooperation contract.

+ Receive transfer of investment project.

– Foreign investors when investing in Vietnam in addition to meeting conditions like investor Vietnam, they will have to meet other specific conditions. Particularly for investors that have both Vietnam and foreign citizenships, they will be able to choose to apply the conditions for foreign investor or Vietnam investor.

On the issue of investment incentives, investors will receive incentives from the State in the following cases:

– Projects under the business lines of investment incentives.

– Investing in areas with difficult economic conditions.

– Project with capital from 6000 billion VND and will be disbursed within a period of 3 years.

– Investing in projects in rural areas and use more than 500 employees.

– Investment project in the fields of science and technology.

– For investment projects in Section 3 and 4 above will be entitled to preferential investment projects in areas with difficult economic conditions. The cases that projects simultaneously under both Section 1 and 2 above shall also enjoy incentives according to investment project in areas with difficult economic conditions.

Distinguishes 3 types of projects:

– The investment project that is not subject to the investment policy decision.

– The investment project under the jurisdiction on investment policy decision of the provincial People’s Committee.

– The project that is not subject to the granting of investment certificate.

In particular, for the project’s land that is granted, lease or allow the transfer of land use purposes by the State, it is necessary to deposit to ensure the investment. The deposit rate will be 3%, 2% or 1% depending on the scale of capital is 300 billion VND or above. Depends on the enjoyed incentives that the amount of deposit will be reduced according to different rate (the typical reduction rate is 25% or 50%).

Regarding the transfer of investment project:

Investor is allowed to transfer part or the whole of their investment project to other investor under the provisions of the law on investment (paragraph 1, article 45). In case when the transfer of projects generates income, investors must comply with the relevant tax obligations.

In addition, the Decree 118/2015 also provides details about:

– The procedures for the adjustment of investment projects in the case of division, separation, merger and transformation of economic organization (Article 38);

– The procedures for the termination of investment projects (Articles 41, 42);

– The investment procedures in the form of capital contribution, share purchase and capital contribution of foreign investors.

Decree 118/2015/ND-CP takes effect from December 27th 2015.

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Decree No. 59/2015/ND-CP on Management of Construction Investment Project

On June 18th 2015, the Government issued Decree No. 59/2015/ND-CP on the management of construction investment project. Notably, there is provision on the issuance of construction practicing certificate for individuals who are Vietnam citizen, foreigners that are legally conduct construction activities in Vietnam to take over the position, engaging in works for that position or independent practicing as prescribed.

In order to be certified, individuals must have the capacity for civil acts; have residence permit in Vietnam (for foreigners and Vietnamese residing abroad); meets the requirements of professional, experience examination and legal knowledge relating to the professional practicing field; have university degree in suitable majors, have experiences joining the work with the content requesting for practicing certificate issuance from 7 years or more for the grade I certificate, 5 years for the grade II certificate and 3 years if individuals have university degree or from 5 years if they have degree of college, professional secondary school for the grade III certificate.

Construction practicing certificate is valid for the maximum period of 5 years. The construction practicing certificates that were granted by competent State agencies are allowed to continue to use until expiry; after March 1st 2016, individuals wishing to use practicing certificate must implement procedures requesting for certificate issuance under the new rules.

Particularly for individuals, foreigners or Vietnamese residing abroad that had practicing certificates which are granted by the foreign agencies and organization, when practice construction activities in Vietnam from 6 months upwards shall be recognized to practice. The case of practicing in Vietnam from 6 months upwards, it is necessary to convert the certificate at the Ministry of Construction.

Other notable content of the Decree is the regulation on the publication of information about capacity of the organizations involved in construction activities. Accordingly, organizations involving in the construction works have to submit information about their capabilities to the professional agencies to to be posted publicly on the website managed by that agency.

This information is the basis for the selection of organizations and individuals involved in the planning, establishment and verification of the construction project; management of construction investment project; surveying, construction supervision…

Decree No. 59/2015/ND-CP takes effect from August 5th 2015.

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Legal Procedures Post Licensing in Vietnam

After establishing a company in Vietnam, the compay has to perform a number of legal procedures for compliance purpose.

Establish company inVietnam       

First, they have to declare the license tax. The tax declaration should be submitted to tax authorities. If the taxpayer has branch in the same province, the tax declarations of the branch should be submitted to the taxpayer’s tax authority. On the other hand, if the taxpayer has branch in another province, the tax declarations of the branch should be submitted to the tax authority of the branch. In case when the taxpayer does not have a permanent business location, the tax declaration should be submitted to the sub-department of taxation where the business is located or where the taxpayer resides. License tax is submitted annually and if the taxpayer has declared and paid license tax, he is not required to submit license tax declaration in the next year if the amount of license tax payable is not changed. In case the taxpayer amount of license tax payable in the next year is changed, tax declaration shall be submitted by December 31st of that year.

Second, the enterprise has to conduct the VAT (value added tax) declaration. The taxpayer that has just begun his business shall declare VAT quarterly. In the next calendar year after 12 months of business, VAT declarations shall be declared whether monthly or quarterly depending on the revenue from the sale of goods and/or services in the preceding calendar year (12 months). VAT shall be declared monthly or quarterly throughout the calendar year and the 3-year period. For example, the first stable period begins on October 1st, 2014 and ends on December 31st 2016.

Third is the CIT declaration (corporate income tax). The CIT declaration should be submitted to the supervisory tax authorities. According to business result, the taxpayer shall make the quarterly tax payment within 30 days of quarter succeeding the quarter in which tax is incurred; they shall not submit the provisional CIT declaration quarterly.

The fourth is the invoice printing. Before the placing first order for invoices, the company must send a written request for permission to use ordered invoices to the supervisory tax authority. Before the business uses invoices for its sale of goods and services, except for invoices purchased from or provided by the tax authority, the business have to send a notice of invoice publication together with a sample invoice to the tax authority.

Every quarter, seller of goods and services shall submit the invoice using report to the tax authority, even when there are no invoices have been used during the period. The report of the first quarter shall be submitted by April 30th, second quarter by July 30th, third quarter by October 30th, and forth quarter by January 30th of the next year. If no invoices are used during the period, the quantity of used invoices in the report shall be zero (0).

The fifth is the bank account. The opening of bank account to conduct transaction with customer is necessary because according to the ministry of Finance, the invoice valued of 20 million VND or above should be transferred through bank. Within 10 days from the day that enterprise opens bank account, the company have to notify the bank account number to the competent tax agency.

The sixth also the last one is labour and social insurance. If the contract between enterprise and employee has duration of over 3 months, it is subjected to compulsory social insurance.

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The changes of laws will be monitored by ANT Lawyers. For advice or service request, please contact us via email ant@antlawyers.vn or call +84 28 730 86 529

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